Purpose: This study seeks to address the role of the educational system in the formation of the nation-state in Qajar and Pahlavi Iran.
Materials and Methods: The main question of the research is "What effect does the educational system have on the formation of the nation-state in Iran?" Historical-analytical research method was used for the answer and using the combination of Benedik Anderson's theory of imaginary societies and Bruno Latour modernity; By studying and evaluating the theoretical literature, the role of modernity in the formation of the Iranian nation-state is discussed. This process begins in the Qajar period with the sending of Iranian students abroad through the educational system. Transfer it from the printing industry and education.
Findings: The findings of this study show that the emergence of modernity and its transmission through the educational system led to the formation of nation-state in Iran.
Conclusion: This process started from the Qajar period and the first Pahlavi with modernization in the structure of government and authoritarianism in the implementation of this process, including measures in this regard, the establishment of the educational system, as one of the socialization agencies; Which changed the Iranian identity and led to the formation of the nation-state, and this issue caused the reaction of some social groups in the subsequent developments in Iran.